Subjects

Operator algebras

19 results from OpenAI’s math release. 19 explained so far. OpenAI has published Lean proofs for 15: 12 of the main theorem, 3 of part of the claim.

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• 285 Counterexamples to Baum–Connes and Kadison–Kaplansky

  Disproves the coefficient-free reduced Baum–Connes conjecture through a failure of rational injectivity and a separate failure of surjectivity of assembly. A finitely generated torsion-free example witnesses the injectivity failure. Separately, a torsion-free group has a nontrivial projection in its reduced group C^∗-algebra, disproving the Kadison–Kaplansky conjecture.

  3 papers ▶Episode, 4:07

• 286 Rigidity and arithmetic of lattice von Neumann algebras

  Classifies finite-index bimodules between scalar-twisted group factors of ICC groups commensurable with property-$(T)$ lattices over characteristic-zero local fields and arbitrary ICC group factors. Every such bimodule is a summand of finite sums of models arising from finite-index subgroup isomorphisms and finite-dimensional projective representations. The classification also recovers the group, scalar cocycle and amplification scale up to the stated stable equivalence.

  2 papers ▶Episode, 3:31

• 287 Isomorphism of the free group factors

  Resolves the free group factor isomorphism problem: $L(\mathbb F_2)\cong L(\mathbb F_3)$, and hence all interpolated free group factors, including $L(\mathbb F_\infty)$, are isomorphic. Their common factor has fundamental group $\mathbb R_{\gt 0}$.

  ▶Episode, 3:56 OpenAI published a Lean proof of the main theorem.

• 288 Kadison's similarity conjecture

  Proves Kadison's similarity conjecture: every bounded complex-linear unital algebra homomorphism from a unital complex C^∗-algebra to operators on a Hilbert space becomes a $*$-homomorphism after conjugation by a bounded invertible operator.

  ▶Episode, 3:51 OpenAI published a Lean proof of the main theorem.

• 289 Strong Kadison–Kastler stability and its spatial boundaries

  Proves that sufficiently close unital von Neumann algebras on the same Hilbert space are conjugate by a unitary arbitrarily close to the identity, with a universal tolerance in the operator-norm distance between unit balls. Counterexamples show that near-identity conjugacy fails for one-sided near inclusions, and that arbitrarily close norm-separable C^∗-algebras need not be ambiently unitarily conjugate.

  3 papers ▶Episode, 3:37 OpenAI published a Lean proof of the main theorem.

• 290 Relative bicentralizers and modular spectral recovery

  Proves Connes' bicentralizer conjecture for every type III₁ factor with separable predual and every faithful normal state. More generally, for every inclusion $N\subset M$ of von Neumann algebras with separable preduals admitting a faithful normal conditional expectation, constructs an amenable expected subalgebra $P\subset N$ with $P'\cap c(M)=N'\cap c(M)$, resolving the relative bicentralizer conjecture.

  2 papers ▶Episode, 3:45 OpenAI published a Lean proof of part of the claim.

• 291 Cuntz comparison, nuclear dimension, and equivariant Jiang–Su stability

  Proves equivariant Jiang–Su stability for every countable discrete amenable group action on a simple separable unital infinite-dimensional nuclear stably finite Jiang–Su-stable C^∗-algebra, resolving this case of Szabó's conjecture without restrictions on trace dynamics. The family also proves the unital Toms–Winter conjecture, equating strict comparison, finite nuclear dimension and Jiang–Su stability in the simple separable unital infinite-dimensional nuclear setting.

  4 papers ▶Episode, 3:59 OpenAI published a Lean proof of part of the claim.

• 292 Kirchberg's $\mathcal O_2$ norm-ultrapower embedding problem

  Constructs an explicit separable unital full group C^∗-algebra that cannot embed unitally into the norm ultrapower of any fixed nonzero unital nuclear C^∗-algebra, for any free ultrafilter on the natural numbers. Taking the target to be $\mathcal O_2$ answers Kirchberg's norm-ultrapower embedding problem negatively.

  ▶Episode, 4:26 OpenAI published a Lean proof of the main theorem.

• 293 Invariant projections, hyperinvariant subspaces, and transitive algebras

  Constructs a nonzero norm-quasinilpotent operator on every infinite-dimensional separable complex Hilbert space with no nonzero proper closed subspace invariant under every commuting operator. The construction also gives operators with no nontrivial invariant projection in the hyperfinite type II₁ factor.

  2 papers ▶Episode, 4:45 OpenAI published a Lean proof of the main theorem.

• 294 Kaplansky's quasitrace conjecture and failure of tensor-product stable finiteness

  Disproves Kaplansky's quasitrace conjecture by constructing a separable unital complex C^∗-algebra admitting normalized 2-quasitraces, all of which are nonadditive. As a consequence, two unital simple stably finite C^∗-algebras can have a properly infinite minimal tensor product, with one factor $C_r^*(\mathbb F_2)$.

  ▶Episode, 4:11 OpenAI published a Lean proof of the main theorem.

• 295 The Kadison–Ringrose cohomology conjecture

  Proves that every bounded Hochschild cocycle of degree at least two on a complex von Neumann algebra, with coefficients in the algebra itself, has a bounded primitive. Equivalently, all higher bounded Hochschild cohomology groups vanish, resolving the Kadison–Ringrose conjecture.

  ▶Episode, 4:30 OpenAI published a Lean proof of the main theorem.

• 296 The generator problem for finite factors

  Proves that every type II₁ factor with separable predual is generated by a single operator, equivalently by two self-adjoint operators, resolving the generator problem. More strongly, for every irreducible inclusion $P\subset M$ of such factors, the unitaries u with $M=W^*(P,u)$ form a dense G_δ subset in the trace 2-norm topology.

  ▶Episode, 4:19 OpenAI published a Lean proof of the main theorem.

• 297 A ZFC counterexample to Naimark's problem

  Gives an alternative to Tanaka's ZFC construction of a unital infinite-dimensional simple complex C^∗-algebra with a faithful tracial state and exactly one nonzero irreducible representation up to unitary equivalence. Thus the unrestricted compact-operator characterization fails without additional set-theoretic assumptions; the counterexample is nonseparable.

  ▶Episode, 4:12 OpenAI published a Lean proof of the main theorem.

• 298 Two notions of free entropy differ even when both are finite

  Constructs a bounded self-adjoint tuple in a tracial von Neumann algebra whose microstates and nonmicrostates free entropies satisfy $-\infty\lt \chi\lt \chi^*\lt \infty$. This answers Voiculescu’s finite-entropy equality question negatively: the matrix-approximation and free-Fisher-information definitions differ even when both are finite.

  ▶Episode, 4:06 OpenAI published a Lean proof of the main theorem.

• 299 The Kirchberg–Rørdam character criterion and infinite tensor-power Jiang–Su stability

  A nonzero unital separable complex C^∗-algebra is Jiang–Su stable exactly when its norm central-sequence algebra has no characters, for every free ultrafilter. This answers the Kirchberg–Rørdam character question. Also, the infinite minimal tensor power of every such algebra without characters is Jiang–Su stable, answering the Dadarlat–Toms question.

  ▶Episode, 3:42 OpenAI published a Lean proof of the main theorem.

• 300 Approximation and quadratic strong-operator paving

  Proves that every self-adjoint element of a complex von Neumann algebra admits strong-operator paving relative to any maximal abelian subalgebra with $O(\varepsilon^{-2})$ blocks. The norm bound holds after compression by a projection arbitrarily close to the identity in the strong topology, resolving the Popa–Vaes quadratic paving conjecture.

  2 papers ▶Episode, 4:04

• 301 Trace cones and Razak–Jacelon stabilization

  Classifies separable nuclear complex C^∗-algebras after tensoring with the Razak–Jacelon algebra and the compact operators, using their full topological cones of extended lower-semicontinuous tracial weights. This answers Robert’s trace-cone question, including algebras with arbitrary ideal structure and both finite and infinite subquotients.

  ▶Episode, 3:50 OpenAI published a Lean proof of part of the claim.

• 302 Radius of comparison equals half the mean dimension

  For every minimal homeomorphism h of an infinite compact metrizable space X, the radius of comparison of $C(X)\rtimes_h\mathbb Z$ equals $\tfrac12\mathrm{mdim}(X,h)$, including infinite values. Zero mean dimension is equivalent to the small boundary property, Jiang–Su stability and finite nuclear dimension; in this case nuclear dimension is at most one.

  2 papers ▶Episode, 3:57

• 303 Weak pure infiniteness and Cuntz-algebra absorption

  Resolves the ordinary-to-strong pure-infiniteness question of Kirchberg and Rørdam for complex C^∗-algebras. For exact algebras, proper infiniteness of one fixed finite amplification of every positive element also suffices. Consequently, every separable nuclear algebra with this property absorbs $\mathcal O_\infty$, without unitality or simplicity assumptions.

  ▶Episode, 4:09 OpenAI published a Lean proof of the main theorem.

Summary and paper titles from OpenAI’s catalog, used under the Apache License 2.0. Last checked October 19, 2026.